An Examination of Nurses' Awareness of Occupational Hazards and Safety Precautions in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Nurses are frequently exposed to occupational hazards in healthcare settings, including needle-stick injuries, infections, musculoskeletal disorders, and workplace violence (International Labour Organization [ILO], 2024). Ensuring workplace safety in hospitals requires adequate awareness, training, and adherence to established safety protocols.
Research indicates that many nurses, especially in developing countries, face significant occupational risks due to inadequate safety measures and poor compliance with protective guidelines (Eze & Bamidele, 2023). In Nigeria, studies have reported high incidences of occupational injuries among nurses, often linked to poor knowledge of safety protocols, inadequate personal protective equipment (PPE), and a lack of institutional support (Adebisi et al., 2024). This study evaluates nurses’ awareness of occupational hazards and their adherence to safety precautions in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital.
Statement of the Problem
Healthcare settings expose nurses to various occupational hazards, including exposure to infectious diseases, handling hazardous chemicals, and experiencing workplace stress and violence. Despite safety guidelines provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Nigerian Ministry of Health, many nurses in Nigeria continue to suffer workplace-related injuries and infections due to non-compliance with safety protocols (Ogunleye & Yusuf, 2023).
Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital employs a significant number of nurses who work in high-risk environments. However, the extent of their awareness and adherence to occupational safety measures remains unclear. Addressing this knowledge gap is essential to improving workplace safety and reducing work-related injuries among nurses.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess nurses’ awareness of occupational hazards in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital.
- To evaluate nurses’ knowledge and compliance with hospital safety precautions and protocols.
- To identify factors influencing adherence to occupational safety measures among nurses.
Research Questions
- What is the level of nurses’ awareness of occupational hazards in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital?
- How knowledgeable are nurses about safety precautions and protocols in their workplace?
- What factors influence adherence to occupational safety measures among nurses?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses' awareness of occupational hazards is not significantly high.
- Nurses' knowledge and compliance with hospital safety precautions are not significantly adequate.
- There are no significant factors influencing adherence to occupational safety measures among nurses.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on nurses working in high-risk units, including emergency, intensive care, surgical, and infectious disease units. Limitations may include self-reported biases and variations in workplace exposure to hazards.
Definitions of Terms
- Occupational Hazards: Risks and dangers associated with a particular job, including infections, injuries, and chemical exposures.
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Equipment such as gloves, masks, and gowns used to minimize workplace exposure to hazards.
- Workplace Safety Protocols: Guidelines and regulations designed to ensure a safe working environment for employees.
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